Character.java

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2002, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 */

package java.lang;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Locale;

/**
 * The {@code Character} class wraps a value of the primitive
 * type {@code char} in an object. An object of class
 * {@code Character} contains a single field whose type is
 * {@code char}.
 * <p>
 * In addition, this class provides a large number of static methods for
 * determining a character's category (lowercase letter, digit, etc.)
 * and for converting characters from uppercase to lowercase and vice
 * versa.
 *
 * <h3><a id="conformance">Unicode Conformance</a></h3>
 * <p>
 * The fields and methods of class {@code Character} are defined in terms
 * of character information from the Unicode Standard, specifically the
 * <i>UnicodeData</i> file that is part of the Unicode Character Database.
 * This file specifies properties including name and category for every
 * assigned Unicode code point or character range. The file is available
 * from the Unicode Consortium at
 * <a href="http://www.unicode.org">http://www.unicode.org</a>.
 * <p>
 * The Java SE 8 Platform uses character information from version 6.2
 * of the Unicode Standard, with two extensions. First, the Java SE 8 Platform
 * allows an implementation of class {@code Character} to use the Japanese Era
 * code point, {@code U+32FF}, from the first version of the Unicode Standard
 * after 6.2 that assigns the code point. Second, in recognition of the fact
 * that new currencies appear frequently, the Java SE 8 Platform allows an
 * implementation of class {@code Character} to use the Currency Symbols
 * block from version 10.0 of the Unicode Standard. Consequently, the
 * behavior of fields and methods of class {@code Character} may vary across
 * implementations of the Java SE 8 Platform when processing the aforementioned
 * code points ( outside of version 6.2 ), except for the following methods
 * that define Java identifiers:
 * {@link #isJavaIdentifierStart(int)}, {@link #isJavaIdentifierStart(char)},
 * {@link #isJavaIdentifierPart(int)}, and {@link #isJavaIdentifierPart(char)}.
 * Code points in Java identifiers must be drawn from version 6.2 of
 * the Unicode Standard.
 *
 * <h3><a name="unicode">Unicode Character Representations</a></h3>
 *
 * <p>The {@code char} data type (and therefore the value that a
 * {@code Character} object encapsulates) are based on the
 * original Unicode specification, which defined characters as
 * fixed-width 16-bit entities. The Unicode Standard has since been
 * changed to allow for characters whose representation requires more
 * than 16 bits.  The range of legal <em>code point</em>s is now
 * U+0000 to U+10FFFF, known as <em>Unicode scalar value</em>.
 * (Refer to the <a
 * href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr27/#notation"><i>
 * definition</i></a> of the U+<i>n</i> notation in the Unicode
 * Standard.)
 *
 * <p><a name="BMP">The set of characters from U+0000 to U+FFFF</a> is
 * sometimes referred to as the <em>Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP)</em>.
 * <a name="supplementary">Characters</a> whose code points are greater
 * than U+FFFF are called <em>supplementary character</em>s.  The Java
 * platform uses the UTF-16 representation in {@code char} arrays and
 * in the {@code String} and {@code StringBuffer} classes. In
 * this representation, supplementary characters are represented as a pair
 * of {@code char} values, the first from the <em>high-surrogates</em>
 * range, (&#92;uD800-&#92;uDBFF), the second from the
 * <em>low-surrogates</em> range (&#92;uDC00-&#92;uDFFF).
 *
 * <p>A {@code char} value, therefore, represents Basic
 * Multilingual Plane (BMP) code points, including the surrogate
 * code points, or code units of the UTF-16 encoding. An
 * {@code int} value represents all Unicode code points,
 * including supplementary code points. The lower (least significant)
 * 21 bits of {@code int} are used to represent Unicode code
 * points and the upper (most significant) 11 bits must be zero.
 * Unless otherwise specified, the behavior with respect to
 * supplementary characters and surrogate {@code char} values is
 * as follows:
 *
 * <ul>
 * <li>The methods that only accept a {@code char} value cannot support
 * supplementary characters. They treat {@code char} values from the
 * surrogate ranges as undefined characters. For example,
 * {@code Character.isLetter('\u005CuD840')} returns {@code false}, even though
 * this specific value if followed by any low-surrogate value in a string
 * would represent a letter.
 *
 * <li>The methods that accept an {@code int} value support all
 * Unicode characters, including supplementary characters. For
 * example, {@code Character.isLetter(0x2F81A)} returns
 * {@code true} because the code point value represents a letter
 * (a CJK ideograph).
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>In the Java SE API documentation, <em>Unicode code point</em> is
 * used for character values in the range between U+0000 and U+10FFFF,
 * and <em>Unicode code unit</em> is used for 16-bit
 * {@code char} values that are code units of the <em>UTF-16</em>
 * encoding. For more information on Unicode terminology, refer to the
 * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/">Unicode Glossary</a>.
 *
 * @author  Lee Boynton
 * @author  Guy Steele
 * @author  Akira Tanaka
 * @author  Martin Buchholz
 * @author  Ulf Zibis
 * @since   1.0
 */
public final
class Character implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<Character> {
    /**
     * The minimum radix available for conversion to and from strings.
     * The constant value of this field is the smallest value permitted
     * for the radix argument in radix-conversion methods such as the
     * {@code digit} method, the {@code forDigit} method, and the
     * {@code toString} method of class {@code Integer}.
     *
     * @see     Character#digit(char, int)
     * @see     Character#forDigit(int, int)
     * @see     Integer#toString(int, int)
     * @see     Integer#valueOf(String)
     */
    public static final int MIN_RADIX = 2;

    /**
     * The maximum radix available for conversion to and from strings.
     * The constant value of this field is the largest value permitted
     * for the radix argument in radix-conversion methods such as the
     * {@code digit} method, the {@code forDigit} method, and the
     * {@code toString} method of class {@code Integer}.
     *
     * @see     Character#digit(char, int)
     * @see     Character#forDigit(int, int)
     * @see     Integer#toString(int, int)
     * @see     Integer#valueOf(String)
     */
    public static final int MAX_RADIX = 36;

    /**
     * The constant value of this field is the smallest value of type
     * {@code char}, {@code '\u005Cu0000'}.
     *
     * @since   1.0.2
     */
    public static final char MIN_VALUE = '\u0000';

    /**
     * The constant value of this field is the largest value of type
     * {@code char}, {@code '\u005CuFFFF'}.
     *
     * @since   1.0.2
     */
    public static final char MAX_VALUE = '\uFFFF';

    /**
     * The {@code Class} instance representing the primitive type
     * {@code char}.
     *
     * @since   1.1
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static final Class<Character> TYPE = (Class<Character>) Class.getPrimitiveClass("char");

    /*
     * Normative general types
     */

    /*
     * General character types
     */

    /**
     * General category "Cn" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte UNASSIGNED = 0;

    /**
     * General category "Lu" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte UPPERCASE_LETTER = 1;

    /**
     * General category "Ll" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte LOWERCASE_LETTER = 2;

    /**
     * General category "Lt" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte TITLECASE_LETTER = 3;

    /**
     * General category "Lm" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte MODIFIER_LETTER = 4;

    /**
     * General category "Lo" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte OTHER_LETTER = 5;

    /**
     * General category "Mn" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte NON_SPACING_MARK = 6;

    /**
     * General category "Me" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte ENCLOSING_MARK = 7;

    /**
     * General category "Mc" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte COMBINING_SPACING_MARK = 8;

    /**
     * General category "Nd" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte DECIMAL_DIGIT_NUMBER        = 9;

    /**
     * General category "Nl" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte LETTER_NUMBER = 10;

    /**
     * General category "No" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte OTHER_NUMBER = 11;

    /**
     * General category "Zs" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte SPACE_SEPARATOR = 12;

    /**
     * General category "Zl" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte LINE_SEPARATOR = 13;

    /**
     * General category "Zp" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR = 14;

    /**
     * General category "Cc" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte CONTROL = 15;

    /**
     * General category "Cf" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte FORMAT = 16;

    /**
     * General category "Co" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte PRIVATE_USE = 18;

    /**
     * General category "Cs" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte SURROGATE = 19;

    /**
     * General category "Pd" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte DASH_PUNCTUATION = 20;

    /**
     * General category "Ps" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte START_PUNCTUATION = 21;

    /**
     * General category "Pe" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte END_PUNCTUATION = 22;

    /**
     * General category "Pc" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte CONNECTOR_PUNCTUATION = 23;

    /**
     * General category "Po" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte OTHER_PUNCTUATION = 24;

    /**
     * General category "Sm" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte MATH_SYMBOL = 25;

    /**
     * General category "Sc" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte CURRENCY_SYMBOL = 26;

    /**
     * General category "Sk" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte MODIFIER_SYMBOL = 27;

    /**
     * General category "So" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public static final byte OTHER_SYMBOL = 28;

    /**
     * General category "Pi" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.4
     */
    public static final byte INITIAL_QUOTE_PUNCTUATION = 29;

    /**
     * General category "Pf" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since   1.4
     */
    public static final byte FINAL_QUOTE_PUNCTUATION = 30;

    /**
     * Error flag. Use int (code point) to avoid confusion with U+FFFF.
     */
    static final int ERROR = 0xFFFFFFFF;


    /**
     * Undefined bidirectional character type. Undefined {@code char}
     * values have undefined directionality in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_UNDEFINED = -1;

    /**
     * Strong bidirectional character type "L" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT = 0;

    /**
     * Strong bidirectional character type "R" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT = 1;

    /**
    * Strong bidirectional character type "AL" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_ARABIC = 2;

    /**
     * Weak bidirectional character type "EN" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBER = 3;

    /**
     * Weak bidirectional character type "ES" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBER_SEPARATOR = 4;

    /**
     * Weak bidirectional character type "ET" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBER_TERMINATOR = 5;

    /**
     * Weak bidirectional character type "AN" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_ARABIC_NUMBER = 6;

    /**
     * Weak bidirectional character type "CS" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_COMMON_NUMBER_SEPARATOR = 7;

    /**
     * Weak bidirectional character type "NSM" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_NONSPACING_MARK = 8;

    /**
     * Weak bidirectional character type "BN" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_BOUNDARY_NEUTRAL = 9;

    /**
     * Neutral bidirectional character type "B" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR = 10;

    /**
     * Neutral bidirectional character type "S" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_SEGMENT_SEPARATOR = 11;

    /**
     * Neutral bidirectional character type "WS" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_WHITESPACE = 12;

    /**
     * Neutral bidirectional character type "ON" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_OTHER_NEUTRALS = 13;

    /**
     * Strong bidirectional character type "LRE" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT_EMBEDDING = 14;

    /**
     * Strong bidirectional character type "LRO" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT_OVERRIDE = 15;

    /**
     * Strong bidirectional character type "RLE" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_EMBEDDING = 16;

    /**
     * Strong bidirectional character type "RLO" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_OVERRIDE = 17;

    /**
     * Weak bidirectional character type "PDF" in the Unicode specification.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public static final byte DIRECTIONALITY_POP_DIRECTIONAL_FORMAT = 18;

    /**
     * The minimum value of a
     * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/#high_surrogate_code_unit">
     * Unicode high-surrogate code unit</a>
     * in the UTF-16 encoding, constant {@code '\u005CuD800'}.
     * A high-surrogate is also known as a <i>leading-surrogate</i>.
     *
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public static final char MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE = '\uD800';

    /**
     * The maximum value of a
     * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/#high_surrogate_code_unit">
     * Unicode high-surrogate code unit</a>
     * in the UTF-16 encoding, constant {@code '\u005CuDBFF'}.
     * A high-surrogate is also known as a <i>leading-surrogate</i>.
     *
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public static final char MAX_HIGH_SURROGATE = '\uDBFF';

    /**
     * The minimum value of a
     * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/#low_surrogate_code_unit">
     * Unicode low-surrogate code unit</a>
     * in the UTF-16 encoding, constant {@code '\u005CuDC00'}.
     * A low-surrogate is also known as a <i>trailing-surrogate</i>.
     *
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public static final char MIN_LOW_SURROGATE  = '\uDC00';

    /**
     * The maximum value of a
     * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/#low_surrogate_code_unit">
     * Unicode low-surrogate code unit</a>
     * in the UTF-16 encoding, constant {@code '\u005CuDFFF'}.
     * A low-surrogate is also known as a <i>trailing-surrogate</i>.
     *
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public static final char MAX_LOW_SURROGATE  = '\uDFFF';

    /**
     * The minimum value of a Unicode surrogate code unit in the
     * UTF-16 encoding, constant {@code '\u005CuD800'}.
     *
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public static final char MIN_SURROGATE = MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE;

    /**
     * The maximum value of a Unicode surrogate code unit in the
     * UTF-16 encoding, constant {@code '\u005CuDFFF'}.
     *
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public static final char MAX_SURROGATE = MAX_LOW_SURROGATE;

    /**
     * The minimum value of a
     * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/#supplementary_code_point">
     * Unicode supplementary code point</a>, constant {@code U+10000}.
     *
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public static final int MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT = 0x010000;

    /**
     * The minimum value of a
     * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/#code_point">
     * Unicode code point</a>, constant {@code U+0000}.
     *
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public static final int MIN_CODE_POINT = 0x000000;

    /**
     * The maximum value of a
     * <a href="http://www.unicode.org/glossary/#code_point">
     * Unicode code point</a>, constant {@code U+10FFFF}.
     *
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public static final int MAX_CODE_POINT = 0X10FFFF;


    /**
     * Instances of this class represent particular subsets of the Unicode
     * character set.  The only family of subsets defined in the
     * {@code Character} class is {@link Character.UnicodeBlock}.
     * Other portions of the Java API may define other subsets for their
     * own purposes.
     *
     * @since 1.2
     */
    public static class Subset  {

        private String name;

        /**
         * Constructs a new {@code Subset} instance.
         *
         * @param  name  The name of this subset
         * @exception NullPointerException if name is {@code null}
         */
        protected Subset(String name) {
            if (name == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("name");
            }
            this.name = name;
        }

        /**
         * Compares two {@code Subset} objects for equality.
         * This method returns {@code true} if and only if
         * {@code this} and the argument refer to the same
         * object; since this method is {@code final}, this
         * guarantee holds for all subclasses.
         */
        public final boolean equals(Object obj) {
            return (this == obj);
        }

        /**
         * Returns the standard hash code as defined by the
         * {@link Object#hashCode} method.  This method
         * is {@code final} in order to ensure that the
         * {@code equals} and {@code hashCode} methods will
         * be consistent in all subclasses.
         */
        public final int hashCode() {
            return super.hashCode();
        }

        /**
         * Returns the name of this subset.
         */
        public final String toString() {
            return name;
        }
    }

    // See http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/Blocks.txt
    // for the latest specification of Unicode Blocks.

    /**
     * A family of character subsets representing the character blocks in the
     * Unicode specification. Character blocks generally define characters
     * used for a specific script or purpose. A character is contained by
     * at most one Unicode block.
     *
     * @since 1.2
     */
    public static final class UnicodeBlock extends Subset {

        private static Map<String, UnicodeBlock> map = new HashMap<>(256);

        /**
         * Creates a UnicodeBlock with the given identifier name.
         * This name must be the same as the block identifier.
         */
        private UnicodeBlock(String idName) {
            super(idName);
            map.put(idName, this);
        }

        /**
         * Creates a UnicodeBlock with the given identifier name and
         * alias name.
         */
        private UnicodeBlock(String idName, String alias) {
            this(idName);
            map.put(alias, this);
        }

        /**
         * Creates a UnicodeBlock with the given identifier name and
         * alias names.
         */
        private UnicodeBlock(String idName, String... aliases) {
            this(idName);
            for (String alias : aliases)
                map.put(alias, this);
        }

        /**
         * Constant for the "Basic Latin" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock  BASIC_LATIN =
            new UnicodeBlock("BASIC_LATIN",
                             "BASIC LATIN",
                             "BASICLATIN");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Latin-1 Supplement" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock LATIN_1_SUPPLEMENT =
            new UnicodeBlock("LATIN_1_SUPPLEMENT",
                             "LATIN-1 SUPPLEMENT",
                             "LATIN-1SUPPLEMENT");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Latin Extended-A" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock LATIN_EXTENDED_A =
            new UnicodeBlock("LATIN_EXTENDED_A",
                             "LATIN EXTENDED-A",
                             "LATINEXTENDED-A");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Latin Extended-B" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock LATIN_EXTENDED_B =
            new UnicodeBlock("LATIN_EXTENDED_B",
                             "LATIN EXTENDED-B",
                             "LATINEXTENDED-B");

        /**
         * Constant for the "IPA Extensions" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock IPA_EXTENSIONS =
            new UnicodeBlock("IPA_EXTENSIONS",
                             "IPA EXTENSIONS",
                             "IPAEXTENSIONS");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Spacing Modifier Letters" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock SPACING_MODIFIER_LETTERS =
            new UnicodeBlock("SPACING_MODIFIER_LETTERS",
                             "SPACING MODIFIER LETTERS",
                             "SPACINGMODIFIERLETTERS");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Combining Diacritical Marks" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock COMBINING_DIACRITICAL_MARKS =
            new UnicodeBlock("COMBINING_DIACRITICAL_MARKS",
                             "COMBINING DIACRITICAL MARKS",
                             "COMBININGDIACRITICALMARKS");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Greek and Coptic" Unicode character block.
         * <p>
         * This block was previously known as the "Greek" block.
         *
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock GREEK =
            new UnicodeBlock("GREEK",
                             "GREEK AND COPTIC",
                             "GREEKANDCOPTIC");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Cyrillic" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock CYRILLIC =
            new UnicodeBlock("CYRILLIC");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Armenian" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock ARMENIAN =
            new UnicodeBlock("ARMENIAN");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Hebrew" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock HEBREW =
            new UnicodeBlock("HEBREW");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Arabic" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock ARABIC =
            new UnicodeBlock("ARABIC");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Devanagari" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock DEVANAGARI =
            new UnicodeBlock("DEVANAGARI");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Bengali" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock BENGALI =
            new UnicodeBlock("BENGALI");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Gurmukhi" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock GURMUKHI =
            new UnicodeBlock("GURMUKHI");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Gujarati" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock GUJARATI =
            new UnicodeBlock("GUJARATI");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Oriya" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock ORIYA =
            new UnicodeBlock("ORIYA");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Tamil" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock TAMIL =
            new UnicodeBlock("TAMIL");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Telugu" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock TELUGU =
            new UnicodeBlock("TELUGU");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Kannada" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock KANNADA =
            new UnicodeBlock("KANNADA");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Malayalam" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock MALAYALAM =
            new UnicodeBlock("MALAYALAM");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Thai" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock THAI =
            new UnicodeBlock("THAI");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Lao" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock LAO =
            new UnicodeBlock("LAO");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Tibetan" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock TIBETAN =
            new UnicodeBlock("TIBETAN");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Georgian" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock GEORGIAN =
            new UnicodeBlock("GEORGIAN");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Hangul Jamo" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock HANGUL_JAMO =
            new UnicodeBlock("HANGUL_JAMO",
                             "HANGUL JAMO",
                             "HANGULJAMO");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Latin Extended Additional" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock LATIN_EXTENDED_ADDITIONAL =
            new UnicodeBlock("LATIN_EXTENDED_ADDITIONAL",
                             "LATIN EXTENDED ADDITIONAL",
                             "LATINEXTENDEDADDITIONAL");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Greek Extended" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock GREEK_EXTENDED =
            new UnicodeBlock("GREEK_EXTENDED",
                             "GREEK EXTENDED",
                             "GREEKEXTENDED");

        /**
         * Constant for the "General Punctuation" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock GENERAL_PUNCTUATION =
            new UnicodeBlock("GENERAL_PUNCTUATION",
                             "GENERAL PUNCTUATION",
                             "GENERALPUNCTUATION");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Superscripts and Subscripts" Unicode character
         * block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock SUPERSCRIPTS_AND_SUBSCRIPTS =
            new UnicodeBlock("SUPERSCRIPTS_AND_SUBSCRIPTS",
                             "SUPERSCRIPTS AND SUBSCRIPTS",
                             "SUPERSCRIPTSANDSUBSCRIPTS");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Currency Symbols" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock CURRENCY_SYMBOLS =
            new UnicodeBlock("CURRENCY_SYMBOLS",
                             "CURRENCY SYMBOLS",
                             "CURRENCYSYMBOLS");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Combining Diacritical Marks for Symbols" Unicode
         * character block.
         * <p>
         * This block was previously known as "Combining Marks for Symbols".
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock COMBINING_MARKS_FOR_SYMBOLS =
            new UnicodeBlock("COMBINING_MARKS_FOR_SYMBOLS",
                             "COMBINING DIACRITICAL MARKS FOR SYMBOLS",
                             "COMBININGDIACRITICALMARKSFORSYMBOLS",
                             "COMBINING MARKS FOR SYMBOLS",
                             "COMBININGMARKSFORSYMBOLS");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Letterlike Symbols" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock LETTERLIKE_SYMBOLS =
            new UnicodeBlock("LETTERLIKE_SYMBOLS",
                             "LETTERLIKE SYMBOLS",
                             "LETTERLIKESYMBOLS");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Number Forms" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock NUMBER_FORMS =
            new UnicodeBlock("NUMBER_FORMS",
                             "NUMBER FORMS",
                             "NUMBERFORMS");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Arrows" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock ARROWS =
            new UnicodeBlock("ARROWS");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Mathematical Operators" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock MATHEMATICAL_OPERATORS =
            new UnicodeBlock("MATHEMATICAL_OPERATORS",
                             "MATHEMATICAL OPERATORS",
                             "MATHEMATICALOPERATORS");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Miscellaneous Technical" Unicode character block.
         * @since 1.2
         */
        public static final UnicodeBlock MISCELLANEOUS_TECHNICAL =
            new UnicodeBlock("MISCELLANEOUS_TECHNICAL",
                             "MISCELLANEOUS TECHNICAL",
                             "MISCELLANEOUSTECHNICAL");

        /**
         * Constant for the "Control Pictures" Unicode character block.