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2025年07月11日 17時16分44秒
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<div class="identifier-type">class</div><div class="header"><system_error></div><h1 itemprop="name"><span class="namespace" title="namespace std">std::</span><span class="token">error_code</span><span class="cpp cpp11" title="C++11で追加">(C++11)</span></h1>
<div itemprop="articleBody"><p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">namespace</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">std</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">error_code</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</p>
<h2>概要</h2>
<p><code>error_code</code>は、OSのAPIで発生するエラー値およびそのエラーメッセージを扱うクラスである。</p>
<p>このクラスは主に、<code><a href="system_error.html">system_error</a></code><a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="問題が発生したときに、現在実行位置を過去に通過・記録した位置に戻し、文脈情報を添えて紐づけられた処理(例外ハンドラー)を呼び出す仕組み。またはその事態">例外</a>クラスに付加する情報として使用する。</p>
<h2>メンバ関数</h2>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#888" style="border-collapse:collapse">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>名前</th>
<th>説明</th>
<th>対応バージョン</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/op_constructor.html">(constructor)</a></code></td>
<td>コンストラクタ</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>~error_code() = default</code></td>
<td>デストラクタ</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/op_assign.html">operator=</a></code></td>
<td>代入演算子</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/assign.html">assign</a></code></td>
<td>値の再設定</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/clear.html">clear</a></code></td>
<td>エラー情報をクリアする</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/value.html">value</a></code></td>
<td>エラー値を取得する</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/category.html">category</a></code></td>
<td>エラーカテゴリを取得する</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/default_error_condition.html">default_error_condition</a></code></td>
<td><code>error_code</code>に対応する<code>error_condition</code>を取得する</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/message.html">message</a></code></td>
<td>エラーメッセージを取得する</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/op_bool.html">explicit operator bool</a></code></td>
<td>エラーかどうかを判定する</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>非メンバ関数</h2>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#888" style="border-collapse:collapse">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>名前</th>
<th>説明</th>
<th>対応バージョン</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="op_equal.html">operator==</a></code></td>
<td>等値比較</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="op_not_equal.html">operator!=</a></code></td>
<td>非等値比較 (C++20から<code>operator==</code>により使用可能)</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/op_compare_3way.html">operator<=></a></code></td>
<td>三方比較</td>
<td>C++20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/op_less.html">operator<</a></code></td>
<td>左辺が右辺より小さいか判定する (C++20から<code>operator<=></code>により使用可能)</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>bool operator<=(const error_code&, const error_code&) noexcept;</code></td>
<td>左辺が右辺以下か判定する (<code>operator<=></code>により使用可能)</td>
<td>C++20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>bool operator>(const error_code&, const error_code&) noexcept;</code></td>
<td>左辺が右辺より大きいか判定する (<code>operator<=></code>により使用可能)</td>
<td>C++20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>bool operator>=(const error_code&, const error_code&) noexcept;</code></td>
<td>左辺が右辺以上か判定する (<code>operator<=></code>により使用可能)</td>
<td>C++20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="error_code/op_ostream.html">operator<<</a></code></td>
<td>ストリームへ出力</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><a href="make_error_code.html">make_error_code</a></code></td>
<td><code>errc</code>から<code>error_code</code>オブジェクトを生成する</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>その他</h2>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#888" style="border-collapse:collapse">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>名前</th>
<th>説明</th>
<th>対応バージョン</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>hash</code></td>
<td><code>error_code</code>での特殊化</td>
<td>C++11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>例</h2>
<p><div class="yata" id="d2b882927884a822362cc74733d86d5c8fbb8395"><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="cp">#include <a href="../iostream.html"><iostream></a></span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../system_error.html"><system_error></a></span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 不正な引数エラー</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">std::error_code</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="errc.html">std::errc::invalid_argument</a></span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="generic_category.html">std::generic_category()</a></span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="system_error.html">std::system_error</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ec</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"system error!"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">catch</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="system_error.html">std::system_error</a></span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">e</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 例外オブジェクトからerror_codeを取得</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">std::error_code</span></span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ec</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">e</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">code</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// エラー値とメッセージを出力</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="error_code/value.html">ec.value()</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="error_code/message.html">ec.message()</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div></p>
<h3>出力</h3>
<p><pre><code>22
Invalid argument
</code></pre></p>
<h2>バージョン</h2>
<h3>言語</h3>
<ul>
<li>C++11</li>
</ul>
<h3>処理系</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#clang">Clang</a>: ??</li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#gcc">GCC</a>: 4.7.0 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#icc">ICC</a>: ??</li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#visual_cpp">Visual C++</a>: 2010 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
</ul>
<h2>参照</h2></div>
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