# Copyright (C) 2001-2020, Python Software Foundation # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. # Maintained by the python-doc-es workteam. # docs-es@python.org / # https://mail.python.org/mailman3/lists/docs-es.python.org/ # Check https://github.com/python/python-docs-es/blob/3.8/TRANSLATORS to get # the list of volunteers # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.8\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-11-21 16:38-0300\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-05-08 12:05-0300\n" "Last-Translator: Marco Richetta \n" "Language: es\n" "Language-Team: python-doc-es\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Generated-By: Babel 2.16.0\n" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:5 msgid "Brief Tour of the Standard Library --- Part II" msgstr "Pequeño paseo por la Biblioteca Estándar--- Parte II" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:7 msgid "" "This second tour covers more advanced modules that support professional " "programming needs. These modules rarely occur in small scripts." msgstr "" "Este segundo paseo cubre módulos más avanzados que facilitan necesidades de " "programación complejas. Estos módulos raramente se usan en scripts cortos." #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:14 msgid "Output Formatting" msgstr "Formato de salida" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:16 msgid "" "The :mod:`reprlib` module provides a version of :func:`repr` customized for " "abbreviated displays of large or deeply nested containers::" msgstr "" "El módulo :mod:`reprlib` provee una versión de :func:`repr` ajustada para " "mostrar contenedores grandes o profundamente anidados, en forma abreviada:" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:19 msgid "" ">>> import reprlib\n" ">>> reprlib.repr(set('supercalifragilisticexpialidocious'))\n" "\"{'a', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', ...}\"" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:23 msgid "" "The :mod:`pprint` module offers more sophisticated control over printing " "both built-in and user defined objects in a way that is readable by the " "interpreter. When the result is longer than one line, the \"pretty printer\" " "adds line breaks and indentation to more clearly reveal data structure::" msgstr "" "El módulo :mod:`pprint` ofrece un control más sofisticado de la forma en que " "se imprimen tanto los objetos predefinidos como los objetos definidos por el " "usuario, de manera que sean legibles por el intérprete. Cuando el resultado " "ocupa más de una línea, el generador de \"impresiones lindas\" agrega saltos " "de línea y sangrías para mostrar la estructura de los datos más claramente::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:28 msgid "" ">>> import pprint\n" ">>> t = [[[['black', 'cyan'], 'white', ['green', 'red']], [['magenta',\n" "... 'yellow'], 'blue']]]\n" "...\n" ">>> pprint.pprint(t, width=30)\n" "[[[['black', 'cyan'],\n" " 'white',\n" " ['green', 'red']],\n" " [['magenta', 'yellow'],\n" " 'blue']]]" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:39 msgid "" "The :mod:`textwrap` module formats paragraphs of text to fit a given screen " "width::" msgstr "" "El módulo :mod:`textwrap` formatea párrafos de texto para que quepan dentro " "de cierto ancho de pantalla::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:42 msgid "" ">>> import textwrap\n" ">>> doc = \"\"\"The wrap() method is just like fill() except that it " "returns\n" "... a list of strings instead of one big string with newlines to separate\n" "... the wrapped lines.\"\"\"\n" "...\n" ">>> print(textwrap.fill(doc, width=40))\n" "The wrap() method is just like fill()\n" "except that it returns a list of strings\n" "instead of one big string with newlines\n" "to separate the wrapped lines." msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:53 msgid "" "The :mod:`locale` module accesses a database of culture specific data " "formats. The grouping attribute of locale's format function provides a " "direct way of formatting numbers with group separators::" msgstr "" "El módulo :mod:`locale` accede a una base de datos de formatos específicos a " "una cultura. El atributo *grouping* de la función *format* permite una " "forma directa de formatear números con separadores de grupo::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:57 #, python-format msgid "" ">>> import locale\n" ">>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'English_United States.1252')\n" "'English_United States.1252'\n" ">>> conv = locale.localeconv() # get a mapping of conventions\n" ">>> x = 1234567.8\n" ">>> locale.format_string(\"%d\", x, grouping=True)\n" "'1,234,567'\n" ">>> locale.format_string(\"%s%.*f\", (conv['currency_symbol'],\n" "... conv['frac_digits'], x), grouping=True)\n" "'$1,234,567.80'" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:72 msgid "Templating" msgstr "Plantillas" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:74 msgid "" "The :mod:`string` module includes a versatile :class:`~string.Template` " "class with a simplified syntax suitable for editing by end-users. This " "allows users to customize their applications without having to alter the " "application." msgstr "" "El módulo :mod:`string` incluye una clase versátil :class:`~string.Template` " "(plantilla) con una sintaxis simplificada apta para ser editada por usuarios " "finales. Esto permite que los usuarios personalicen sus aplicaciones sin " "necesidad de modificar la aplicación en sí." #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:78 msgid "" "The format uses placeholder names formed by ``$`` with valid Python " "identifiers (alphanumeric characters and underscores). Surrounding the " "placeholder with braces allows it to be followed by more alphanumeric " "letters with no intervening spaces. Writing ``$$`` creates a single escaped " "``$``::" msgstr "" "El formato usa marcadores cuyos nombres se forman con ``$`` seguido de " "identificadores Python válidos (caracteres alfanuméricos y guión de " "subrayado). Si se los encierra entre llaves, pueden seguir más caracteres " "alfanuméricos sin necesidad de dejar espacios en blanco. ``$$`` genera un " "``$``::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:83 msgid "" ">>> from string import Template\n" ">>> t = Template('${village}folk send $$10 to $cause.')\n" ">>> t.substitute(village='Nottingham', cause='the ditch fund')\n" "'Nottinghamfolk send $10 to the ditch fund.'" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:88 msgid "" "The :meth:`~string.Template.substitute` method raises a :exc:`KeyError` when " "a placeholder is not supplied in a dictionary or a keyword argument. For " "mail-merge style applications, user supplied data may be incomplete and the :" "meth:`~string.Template.safe_substitute` method may be more appropriate --- " "it will leave placeholders unchanged if data is missing::" msgstr "" "El método :meth:`~string.Template.substitute` lanza :exc:`KeyError` cuando " "no se suministra ningún valor para un marcador mediante un diccionario o " "argumento por nombre. Para algunas aplicaciones los datos suministrados por " "el usuario puede ser incompletos, y el método :meth:`~string.Template." "safe_substitute` puede ser más apropiado: deja los marcadores inalterados " "cuando falten datos::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:94 msgid "" ">>> t = Template('Return the $item to $owner.')\n" ">>> d = dict(item='unladen swallow')\n" ">>> t.substitute(d)\n" "Traceback (most recent call last):\n" " ...\n" "KeyError: 'owner'\n" ">>> t.safe_substitute(d)\n" "'Return the unladen swallow to $owner.'" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:103 msgid "" "Template subclasses can specify a custom delimiter. For example, a batch " "renaming utility for a photo browser may elect to use percent signs for " "placeholders such as the current date, image sequence number, or file " "format::" msgstr "" "Las subclases de *Template* pueden especificar un delimitador propio. Por " "ejemplo, una utilidad de renombrado por lotes para una galería de fotos " "puede escoger usar signos de porcentaje para los marcadores tales como la " "fecha actual, el número de secuencia de la imagen, o el formato de archivo::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:107 #, python-format msgid "" ">>> import time, os.path\n" ">>> photofiles = ['img_1074.jpg', 'img_1076.jpg', 'img_1077.jpg']\n" ">>> class BatchRename(Template):\n" "... delimiter = '%'\n" "...\n" ">>> fmt = input('Enter rename style (%d-date %n-seqnum %f-format): ')\n" "Enter rename style (%d-date %n-seqnum %f-format): Ashley_%n%f\n" "\n" ">>> t = BatchRename(fmt)\n" ">>> date = time.strftime('%d%b%y')\n" ">>> for i, filename in enumerate(photofiles):\n" "... base, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)\n" "... newname = t.substitute(d=date, n=i, f=ext)\n" "... print('{0} --> {1}'.format(filename, newname))\n" "\n" "img_1074.jpg --> Ashley_0.jpg\n" "img_1076.jpg --> Ashley_1.jpg\n" "img_1077.jpg --> Ashley_2.jpg" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:126 msgid "" "Another application for templating is separating program logic from the " "details of multiple output formats. This makes it possible to substitute " "custom templates for XML files, plain text reports, and HTML web reports." msgstr "" "Las plantillas también pueden ser usadas para separar la lógica del programa " "de los detalles de múltiples formatos de salida. Esto permite sustituir " "plantillas específicas para archivos XML, reportes en texto plano, y " "reportes web en HTML." #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:134 msgid "Working with Binary Data Record Layouts" msgstr "Trabajar con registros estructurados conteniendo datos binarios" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:136 msgid "" "The :mod:`struct` module provides :func:`~struct.pack` and :func:`~struct." "unpack` functions for working with variable length binary record formats. " "The following example shows how to loop through header information in a ZIP " "file without using the :mod:`zipfile` module. Pack codes ``\"H\"`` and " "``\"I\"`` represent two and four byte unsigned numbers respectively. The " "``\"<\"`` indicates that they are standard size and in little-endian byte " "order::" msgstr "" "El módulo :mod:`struct` provee las funciones :func:`~struct.pack` y :func:" "`~struct.unpack` para trabajar con formatos de registros binarios de " "longitud variable. El siguiente ejemplo muestra cómo recorrer la " "información de encabezado en un archivo ZIP sin usar el módulo :mod:" "`zipfile`. Los códigos ``\"H\"`` e ``\"I\"`` representan números sin signo " "de dos y cuatro bytes respectivamente. El ``\"<\"`` indica que son de " "tamaño estándar y los bytes tienen ordenamiento `little-endian`::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:144 msgid "" "import struct\n" "\n" "with open('myfile.zip', 'rb') as f:\n" " data = f.read()\n" "\n" "start = 0\n" "for i in range(3): # show the first 3 file headers\n" " start += 14\n" " fields = struct.unpack('>> import weakref, gc\n" ">>> class A:\n" "... def __init__(self, value):\n" "... self.value = value\n" "... def __repr__(self):\n" "... return str(self.value)\n" "...\n" ">>> a = A(10) # create a reference\n" ">>> d = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()\n" ">>> d['primary'] = a # does not create a reference\n" ">>> d['primary'] # fetch the object if it is still alive\n" "10\n" ">>> del a # remove the one reference\n" ">>> gc.collect() # run garbage collection right away\n" "0\n" ">>> d['primary'] # entry was automatically removed\n" "Traceback (most recent call last):\n" " File \"\", line 1, in \n" " d['primary'] # entry was automatically removed\n" " File \"C:/python313/lib/weakref.py\", line 46, in __getitem__\n" " o = self.data[key]()\n" "KeyError: 'primary'" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:290 msgid "Tools for Working with Lists" msgstr "Herramientas para trabajar con listas" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:292 msgid "" "Many data structure needs can be met with the built-in list type. However, " "sometimes there is a need for alternative implementations with different " "performance trade-offs." msgstr "" "Muchas necesidades de estructuras de datos pueden ser satisfechas con el " "tipo integrado lista. Sin embargo, a veces se hacen necesarias " "implementaciones alternativas con rendimientos distintos." #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:296 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The :mod:`array` module provides an :class:`~array.array` object that is " "like a list that stores only homogeneous data and stores it more compactly. " "The following example shows an array of numbers stored as two byte unsigned " "binary numbers (typecode ``\"H\"``) rather than the usual 16 bytes per entry " "for regular lists of Python int objects::" msgstr "" "El módulo :mod:`array` provee un objeto :class:`~array.array()` (vector) que " "es como una lista que almacena sólo datos homogéneos y de una manera más " "compacta. Los ejemplos a continuación muestran un vector de números " "guardados como dos números binarios sin signo de dos bytes (código de tipo " "``\"H\"``) en lugar de los 16 bytes por elemento habituales en listas de " "objetos int de Python::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:302 msgid "" ">>> from array import array\n" ">>> a = array('H', [4000, 10, 700, 22222])\n" ">>> sum(a)\n" "26932\n" ">>> a[1:3]\n" "array('H', [10, 700])" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:309 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The :mod:`collections` module provides a :class:`~collections.deque` object " "that is like a list with faster appends and pops from the left side but " "slower lookups in the middle. These objects are well suited for implementing " "queues and breadth first tree searches::" msgstr "" "El módulo :mod:`collections` provee un objeto :class:`~collections.deque()` " "que es como una lista más rápida para agregar y quitar elementos por el lado " "izquierdo pero con búsquedas más lentas por el medio. Estos objetos son " "adecuados para implementar colas y árboles de búsqueda a lo ancho::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:314 msgid "" ">>> from collections import deque\n" ">>> d = deque([\"task1\", \"task2\", \"task3\"])\n" ">>> d.append(\"task4\")\n" ">>> print(\"Handling\", d.popleft())\n" "Handling task1" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:322 msgid "" "unsearched = deque([starting_node])\n" "def breadth_first_search(unsearched):\n" " node = unsearched.popleft()\n" " for m in gen_moves(node):\n" " if is_goal(m):\n" " return m\n" " unsearched.append(m)" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:330 msgid "" "In addition to alternative list implementations, the library also offers " "other tools such as the :mod:`bisect` module with functions for manipulating " "sorted lists::" msgstr "" "Además de las implementaciones alternativas de listas, la biblioteca ofrece " "otras herramientas como el módulo :mod:`bisect` con funciones para manipular " "listas ordenadas::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:334 msgid "" ">>> import bisect\n" ">>> scores = [(100, 'perl'), (200, 'tcl'), (400, 'lua'), (500, 'python')]\n" ">>> bisect.insort(scores, (300, 'ruby'))\n" ">>> scores\n" "[(100, 'perl'), (200, 'tcl'), (300, 'ruby'), (400, 'lua'), (500, 'python')]" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:340 msgid "" "The :mod:`heapq` module provides functions for implementing heaps based on " "regular lists. The lowest valued entry is always kept at position zero. " "This is useful for applications which repeatedly access the smallest element " "but do not want to run a full list sort::" msgstr "" "El módulo :mod:`heapq` provee funciones para implementar pilas (*heaps*) " "basados en listas comunes. El menor valor ingresado se mantiene en la " "posición cero. Esto es útil para aplicaciones que acceden a menudo al " "elemento más chico pero no quieren hacer un orden completo de la lista::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:345 msgid "" ">>> from heapq import heapify, heappop, heappush\n" ">>> data = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 0]\n" ">>> heapify(data) # rearrange the list into heap order\n" ">>> heappush(data, -5) # add a new entry\n" ">>> [heappop(data) for i in range(3)] # fetch the three smallest entries\n" "[-5, 0, 1]" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:356 #, fuzzy msgid "Decimal Floating-Point Arithmetic" msgstr "Aritmética de punto flotante decimal" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:358 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The :mod:`decimal` module offers a :class:`~decimal.Decimal` datatype for " "decimal floating-point arithmetic. Compared to the built-in :class:`float` " "implementation of binary floating point, the class is especially helpful for" msgstr "" "El módulo :mod:`decimal` provee un tipo de dato :class:`~decimal.Decimal` " "para soportar aritmética de punto flotante decimal. Comparado con :class:" "`float`, la implementación de punto flotante binario incluida, la clase es " "muy útil especialmente para" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:362 msgid "" "financial applications and other uses which require exact decimal " "representation," msgstr "" "aplicaciones financieras y otros usos que requieren representación decimal " "exacta," #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:364 msgid "control over precision," msgstr "control sobre la precisión," #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:365 msgid "control over rounding to meet legal or regulatory requirements," msgstr "control sobre el redondeo para cumplir requisitos legales," #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:366 msgid "tracking of significant decimal places, or" msgstr "seguimiento de dígitos decimales significativos, o" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:367 msgid "" "applications where the user expects the results to match calculations done " "by hand." msgstr "" "aplicaciones donde el usuario espera que los resultados coincidan con " "cálculos hecho a mano." #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:370 msgid "" "For example, calculating a 5% tax on a 70 cent phone charge gives different " "results in decimal floating point and binary floating point. The difference " "becomes significant if the results are rounded to the nearest cent::" msgstr "" "Por ejemplo, calcular un impuesto del 5% de una tarifa telefónica de 70 " "centavos da resultados distintos con punto flotante decimal y punto flotante " "binario. La diferencia se vuelve significativa si los resultados se " "redondean al centavo más próximo::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:374 msgid "" ">>> from decimal import *\n" ">>> round(Decimal('0.70') * Decimal('1.05'), 2)\n" "Decimal('0.74')\n" ">>> round(.70 * 1.05, 2)\n" "0.73" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:380 msgid "" "The :class:`~decimal.Decimal` result keeps a trailing zero, automatically " "inferring four place significance from multiplicands with two place " "significance. Decimal reproduces mathematics as done by hand and avoids " "issues that can arise when binary floating point cannot exactly represent " "decimal quantities." msgstr "" "El resultado con :class:`~decimal.Decimal` conserva un cero al final, " "calculando automáticamente cuatro cifras significativas a partir de los " "multiplicandos con dos cifras significativas. Decimal reproduce la " "matemática como se la hace a mano, y evita problemas que pueden surgir " "cuando el punto flotante binario no puede representar exactamente cantidades " "decimales." #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:386 msgid "" "Exact representation enables the :class:`~decimal.Decimal` class to perform " "modulo calculations and equality tests that are unsuitable for binary " "floating point::" msgstr "" "La representación exacta permite a la clase :class:`~decimal.Decimal` hacer " "cálculos de modulo y pruebas de igualdad que son inadecuadas para punto " "flotante binario::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:390 msgid "" ">>> Decimal('1.00') % Decimal('.10')\n" "Decimal('0.00')\n" ">>> 1.00 % 0.10\n" "0.09999999999999995\n" "\n" ">>> sum([Decimal('0.1')]*10) == Decimal('1.0')\n" "True\n" ">>> 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 == 1.0\n" "False" msgstr "" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:400 msgid "" "The :mod:`decimal` module provides arithmetic with as much precision as " "needed::" msgstr "" "El módulo :mod:`decimal` provee aritmética con tanta precisión como haga " "falta::" #: ../Doc/tutorial/stdlib2.rst:402 msgid "" ">>> getcontext().prec = 36\n" ">>> Decimal(1) / Decimal(7)\n" "Decimal('0.142857142857142857142857142857142857')" msgstr ""