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SQL Quick Reference

  • AND / OR
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition_1
AND / OR condition_2
  • ALTER TABLE
ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD column_name datatype
# or
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP COLUMN column_name
  • AS (alias)
SELECT column_name AS column_alias
FROM table_name
# or
SELECT column_name
FROM table_name AS table_alias
  • BETWEEN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
BETWEEN value1 AND value2
  • CREATE DATABASE
CREATE DATABASE database_name
  • CREATE TABLE
CREATE TABLE table_name (
column_name1 data_type,
column_name2 data_type,
column_name3 data_type,
... )
  • CREATE INDEX
CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)
# or
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)
  • CREATE VIEW
CREATE VIEW view_name AS
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
  • DELETE
DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE some_column=some_value
# or
DELETE FROM table_name # Note: Deletes the entire table!
# or
DELETE * FROM table_name # Note: Deletes the entire table!
  • DROP DATABASE
DROP DATABASE database_name
  • DROP INDEX
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP INDEX index_name
  • DROP TABLE
DROP TABLE table_name
  • EXISTS
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE id = ?)
BEGIN
-- do what needs to be done if exists
END
ELSE
BEGIN
-- do what needs to be done if not
END
  • GROUP BY
SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
  • HAVING
SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value
  • IN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
IN (value1, value2, ..)
  • INSERT INTO
INSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)
# or
INSERT INTO table_name
(column1, column2, column3,...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)
  • INNER JOIN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_1
INNER JOIN table_2
ON table_1.column_name=table_2.column_name
  • LEFT JOIN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_1
LEFT JOIN table_2
ON table_1.column_name=table_2.column_name
  • RIGHT JOIN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_1
RIGHT JOIN table_2
ON table_1.column_name=table_2.column_name
  • FULL JOIN
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_1
FULL JOIN table_2
ON table_1.column_name=table_2.column_name
  • LIKE
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name LIKE pattern
  • ORDER BY
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC]
  • SELECT
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
  • SELECT *
SELECT *
FROM table_name
  • SELECT DISTINCT
SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
  • SELECT INTO
SELECT *
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name
# or
SELECT column_name(s)
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name
  • SELECT TOP
SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s)
FROM table_name
  • TRUNCATE TABLE
TRUNCATE TABLE table_name
  • UNION
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
  • UNION ALL
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION ALL
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
  • UPDATE
UPDATE table_name
SET column1=value, column2=value,...
WHERE some_column=some_value
  • WHERE
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name <operator> value

More at: https://www.w3schools.com/sql/sql_quickref.asp